Lupus, medically known as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks healthy tissues instead of harmful germs.
It can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain, leading to widespread inflammation.
Severity
Lupus can range from mild to life-threatening, depending on which organs are affected.
If untreated, it may cause kidney failure, heart problems, or severe joint damage.
Historical Background
The word “Lupus” comes from the Latin word for “wolf”, used by medieval doctors who thought the facial rash resembled a wolf bite.
The disease was first documented in the 19th century by dermatologists, and later research in the 20th century revealed it as an autoimmune disorder caused by immune system malfunction.
2. Pre and Post Symptoms of Lupus
Early (Pre) Symptoms:
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Extreme fatigue
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Joint pain or stiffness
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Low-grade fever
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Butterfly-shaped rash on the face
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Hair loss or skin sensitivity to sunlight
Advanced (Post) Symptoms:
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Kidney inflammation (lupus nephritis)
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Chest pain or shortness of breath
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Seizures or confusion
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Swelling in legs or around eyes
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Anemia or clotting problems
3. How Lupus is Caused
Lupus occurs when the immune system becomes overactive and mistakenly attacks healthy cells.
There’s no single cause — it’s a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
4. Do Internal & External Factors Trigger Lupus?
Yes, both can play a role:
External Factors:
☀️ Overexposure to sunlight (UV rays)
💊 Certain medications (like antibiotics or blood pressure drugs)
🦠Viral infections
Internal Factors:
🧬 Genetic predisposition
💉 Hormonal changes (more common in women)
🧠Emotional or physical stress
5. How a Layman Can Identify a Lupus-Affected Person
Common visible signs include:
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Butterfly-shaped rash on cheeks and nose
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Constant tiredness despite rest
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Swollen joints and fingers
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Skin rashes that worsen in sunlight
If such symptoms persist, it’s important to visit a rheumatologist or dermatologist.
6. Medical & Blood Tests for Diagnosis
Doctors usually perform several tests together:
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ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test: Most lupus patients test positive.
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Anti-dsDNA & Anti-Smith antibody tests: Confirm autoimmune activity.
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CBC (Complete Blood Count): Detects anemia or low white cells.
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Urinalysis: Checks for kidney involvement.
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ESR / CRP: Measures inflammation levels.
✅ Normal ANA test: Negative result
❌ Lupus indication: Positive ANA + anti-dsDNA antibodies
7. Treatment for Lupus
Lupus has no complete cure, but treatment helps control symptoms and prevent organ damage.
🩺 Treatment options include:
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NSAIDs: Reduce pain and swelling.
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Corticosteroids: Control inflammation quickly.
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Antimalarial drugs (Hydroxychloroquine): Used to prevent flare-ups.
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Immunosuppressants (Azathioprine, Methotrexate): Lower immune overactivity.
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Biologic therapies (Belimumab): Target specific immune cells.
8. Home & Natural Remedies (Supportive Only)
These can ease discomfort but should not replace medical care:
🌿 Turmeric: Natural anti-inflammatory.
🌿 Ginger & garlic: Reduce joint stiffness.
🌿 Omega-3 fatty acids: Support heart and joint health.
💧 Stay hydrated: Flushes toxins and supports kidney function.
🧘 Meditation & rest: Helps reduce stress, which can trigger flares.
9. Diet During Lupus
Recommended Foods:
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Fresh fruits and vegetables
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Whole grains and lentils
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Fish rich in omega-3 (salmon, tuna)
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Olive oil and nuts
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Green tea for antioxidants
Foods to Avoid:
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Excess salt and sugar
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Processed meats
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Alcohol and caffeine
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Fried and high-fat foods
10. Medicines Commonly Used for Lupus
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Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) – reduces flares and protects organs
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Prednisone – fast inflammation relief
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Methotrexate / Azathioprine – suppress immune system
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Belimumab (Benlysta) – biologic therapy for moderate to severe lupus
⚕️ Medicines should only be used under a doctor’s prescription and supervision.
💜 Final Note
Lupus can be controlled with early diagnosis, a healthy lifestyle, and consistent medical care.
Stay protected from sunlight, avoid stress, and follow your doctor’s treatment plan to live a balanced and healthy life.
